# Aggregates > :::note Aggregates are only applicable for use in metric expressions. You can not use aggregates for field expressions. ::: :::note Aggregates are only applicable for use in metric expressions. You can not use aggregates for field expressions. ::: With **Aggregates** you can compute a single result value from a set of input values. An aggregate metric expression is defined by the aggregation type and the field used for the aggregation. | Element | Description | | --- | --- | | Aggregation type | The type of the function that is used to calculate the metric. For example, `SUM` is used to calculate a *Total* value, `AVERAGE` is used to calculate an *Average* value. | | Field used for aggregation | The field that is used to calculate the metric. | ## Applying filters to an aggregation You can add a filter to an aggregation to create a subset of the data that is used for the aggregation, by only selecting the relevant data. Filtering can reduce the amount of data that an aggregate function needs to process, which can speed up the calculation. Follow these steps to apply filters to an aggregation. 1. Select the aggregation for which to you want to apply filters. 2. Select Filter icon in the logic block. The Filters panel is displayed. 3. Define the filters as desired**.** The Filter icon indicates that filters are applied for the aggregation. ## `SUM` ### Description Returns the sum of all values for the selected field. ### Syntax `SUM of ` ### Supported values Can be used for fields of number, duration, and currency data kinds. ### NULL handling `NULL` values are ignored. If all field values are `NULL`, the result is `NULL`. ### Example `SUM of Value` ## `AVERAGE` ### Description Returns the sum of all values for the selected field divided by the number of records in the table of the selected field. ### Syntax `AVERAGE of ` ### Supported values Can be used for fields of number and duration data kinds. ### NULL handling `NULL` values are ignored. If all field values are `NULL`, the result is `NULL`. ### Example `AVERAGE of Discount captured` ## `COUNT` ### Description Returns the number of values for the selected field. ### Syntax `COUNT of ` ### Supported values Can be used for fields of all data kinds. ### NULL handling Counts all values, whether field value is `NULL` or not. If all the values are `NULL`, the result is 0. ### Example `COUNT of Invoice ID` ## `COUNT ROWS` ### Description Returns the number of rows in a table. ### Syntax `COUNT ROWS in ` ### Supported values Can be used for all tables defined for the process app. ### NULL handling If there are no rows in the table, the result is 0. ### Example `COUNT ROWS in Invoices` ## `MINIMUM` ### Description Returns the smallest value for the selected field. ### Syntax `MINIMUM of ` ### Supported values Can be used for fields of number, duration, and currency data kinds. ### NULL handling `NULL` values are ignored. If all field values are `NULL`, the result is `NULL`. ### Example `MINIMUM of Price` ## `DISTINCT COUNT` ### Description Returns the number of unique (distinct) values for the selected field. ### Syntax `DISTINCT COUNT of ` ### Supported values Can be used for fields of all data kinds. ### NULL handling `NULL` values are ignored. Only distinct, non-`NULL` values are counted. If all field values are `NULL`, the result is 0. ### Example `DISTINCT COUNT of Invoice ID` ## `PERCENTAGE` ### Description Returns the percentage of records in which the field is `TRUE`. ### Syntax `PERCENTAGE of ` ### Supported values Can be used for boolean fields. ### NULL handling Ignores `NULL` values. If all values are `NULL`, the result is `NULL` ### Example `PERCENTAGE of Is Automated` ## `MAXIMUM` ### Description Returns the largest value for the selected field. ### Syntax `MAXIMUM of ` ### Supported values Can be used for fields of number, duration, and currency data kinds. ### NULL handling `NULL` values are ignored. If all field values are `NULL`, the result is `NULL`. ### Example `MAXIMUM of Amount` ## `MEDIAN` ### Description Returns the median of the values for the given field. ### Syntax `MEDIAN of ` ### Supported values Can be used for fields of number, duration, and currency data kinds. ### NULL handling `NULL` values are ignored. If all field values are `NULL`, the result is `NULL`. ### Example `MEDIAN of Value` ## `PERCENTILE` ### Description Returns the specified percentile of the values for the given field, which is the value below which that percentage of the data falls. ### Syntax `PERCENTILE of ` ### Supported values Can be used for fields of number, duration, and currency data kinds. ### NULL handling `NULL` values are ignored. If all field values are `NULL`, the result is `NULL`. ### Example `PERCENTILE of Value 0.05` :::note The `PERCENTILE of` function uses an approximate version, which may result in a small deviation from the actual percentile. ::: ## `ANY is TRUE` ### Description Returns `TRUE` if at least one value in the selected field evaluates to `TRUE`. Otherwise, returns `FALSE`. ### Syntax `ANY of is TRUE` ### Supported values Only boolean fields can be used. ### NULL handling `NULL` values are ignored. If all field values are `NULL`, the result is `FALSE`. ### Example `ANY of On time is TRUE` ## `ALL are TRUE` ### Description Returns `TRUE` if all values in the selected field evaluate to `TRUE`. Otherwise, returns `FALSE`. ### Syntax `ALL of are TRUE` ### Supported values Only boolean fields can be used. ### NULL handling `NULL` values are ignored. If all field values are `NULL`, the result is `TRUE`. If at least one value is `FALSE`, the result is `FALSE`. ### Example `ALL of On time are TRUE` ## `GROUPED by` ### Description Groups the field values or expression results by the values of the specified fields. Each unique value (or combination of values) forms a group. :::note Use aggregate functions, such as `COUNT of`, `SUM of`, `AVERAGE of`, `MINIMUM of`, `MAXIMUM of`. ::: ### Syntax ` GROUPED by ` ### Supported values Can be used for fields of all data kinds. :::note The `GROUPED by` function cannot be nested inside another `GROUPED by` expression. However, it can be used as part of other expressions, and does not necessarily need to appear at the beginning of the expression. ::: ### NULL handling Rows with `NULL` values in the grouping field are treated as a separate group. ### Examples * `(COUNT of Event ID) GROUPED by Case ID` - Events grouped by Case ID, with a count of Event IDs per case. + `(COUNT of Event ID)` - Counts the number of `Event IDs`. + `GROUPED by Case ID` defines that the counting is done separately for each unique `Case ID`. * `(ALL of Automated are TRUE) GROUPED by Case ID` - checks all the values of the `Automated` field within each `Case ID` group. + `(ALL of Automated are TRUE)` checks whether every event in the group has `Automated = TRUE`. + `GROUPED by Case ID` defines that the check is performed separately for each unique `Case ID`. * `(COUNT of (IF Activity = Final check of invoice THEN Process event ID)) GROUPED by Case ID` ![GROUPED by example](https://dev-assets.cms.uipath.com/assets/images/process-mining/process-mining-grouped-by-example-595846-1c55b2ca-fb91969b.webp) + `(IF Activity = Final check of invoice THEN Process event ID)` checks the `Activity` field for each record. If the has the value `Final check of invoice` the correspoding `Process event ID` is returned. + `COUNT` then counts the number of returned `Process event IDs` — which is the number of times the activity `Final check of invoice` occurred. + `GROUPED by Case ID` defines that the checks are performed separately for each unique `Case ID`. * `COUNT(Case ID) GROUPED by Team, User` - Counts the number of cases for each Team-User combination. * `SUM(Automated) / COUNT(Event ID) GROUPED by Activity, User` - Calculates the Automation rate for each combination of `Activity` and `User`.